The Heroism of Hope

"The people that walked in darkness have seen a great light..."

Isaiah 9:2

November was not a good month for my nation or for me personally for that matter.  Nevertheless, I think that we Americans are still lucky because we have hope.  No matter how one feels about the outcome of the presidential election, we have some hope that, eventually, our economy will return to normal, we'll find jobs, we'll be able to afford things again someday, etc.. There are many nations in the world that have suffered generation after generation of poverty and violence, so much so that they can't possibly see any future for themselves other than more poverty and violence.  We are not that way, and we must not let ourselves become that way or leave that as a legacy for our children.  As a Christian, I think that this ingrained sense of hopefulness common to Americans comes directly from the role that the Bible has played in the collective psyche of our country.  The idea that Jesus, in his death and resurrection, has conquered all death and even Hell itself is remarkable to me.  The context in which Jesus was born  (Jerusalem conquered - again - living under brutal foreign rule), and then to say, essentially, "these circumstances don't matter;  how you act under them does".  That was a whole other way of looking at things.

The great minds of ancient Greece invariably turned their attention to a whole new way of looking at religion as well.  It is my hope to finish my study of Edith Hamilton's "The Greek Way" by the end of the year.  On page 220, she talks about Homer's attitude towards the Greek gods and goddesses.

"The stamp of the Greek genius is everywhere in his two epics, in the banishment of the ugly and the frightful and the senseless; in the conviction that gods were like men and men able to be godlike; in the courage and the undaunted spirit with which heroes faced any opponent, human or divine, even Fate herself; in the prevailing atmosphere of reason and good sense."

Now, at a later time I might like to argue about some of her points.  I've read recently "The Iliad" and, too long ago, "The Odyssey", and I have to say that there is plenty of ugliness, frightfulness, and senselessness throughout.  Nevertheless, I will agree that, in both works, the prevailing theme of good overcoming evil, and the very basis for all our notions of what it means to be a hero can be found in those works.  

Ms. Hamilton goes on to talk about how one of the defining characteristic of any religion is that of "great communal emotion".  We live in an increasingly isolated society, so I know that maybe many people have not experienced this feeling.  As someone who has, I can attest that when it is marked with the spirit of peace and love and, yes, hope, it is a wonderful thing.  I highly recommend it.  

She says that this "great communal emotion"...

"...is what Aristotle meant when he said tragedy purified through pity and awe.  Men were set free from themselves when they all realized together the universal suffering of life"

- pg. 224

"...whether there are gods or not we cannot say, and life is too short to find out."

- Protagoras

Ah, Protagoras: a scientist always looking for hard evidence.  If one were to look at the hard evidence of the American economy, at the hard evidence of even my own family's financial quagmire (in which we do, indeed, realize together with the rest of the world the universal suffering of life), if one were to look at those circumstances, the mountain of debt, the health problems, the emotional problems, the bad blood and baggage, one would surely be consumed with despair.  The hard evidence proclaims that no one gets out of here alive.  To look at the hard evidence is to see no other alternative than to blow one's brains out.  But Plato, that visionary mind, saw something different when he said that...

"He who not being inspired and having no touch of  madness in his soul, comes to the door and thinks he will get into the temple by the help of art - he, I say, and his poetry are not admitted."

Indeed, our world is full of "art" by which we might, supposedly, somehow manipulate God into doing our bidding.  But, it's not art, it's heart.  It's not the circumstances, but what one does under the circumstances.  And the one thing that should be clear to anyone, regardless of whether they believe in God or not, should be that it is precisely what we are doing that has to change.  Everything has to change, it is the natural order, even the natural order of ideas themselves.  Ms. Hamilton speaks about the upheaval and subsequent rebirth of interest in religion that occurred after the Peloponnisian War.  

"One form of religion perpetually gives way to another; if religion did not change, it would be dead."

- pg. 225

God, being perfect, cannot change certainly, as He does not need to.  However, our view of Him has to change, must change, and has changed over time.  Mankind is simply incapable of taking in something as large as God in all at once.  I am someone who hates change.  I hate moving.  I hate having to make new friends.  I crave security.  But in insecure times, it behooves even someone like me to seek out a new attitude.  My generation, GenX, we are collectively a bunch of naysayers.  We can immediately find the downside to any argument.  But, I once had a boss who said, "I'm a glass half-full person.  I cannot function with the glass half-empty all the time."  And she was right.  We cannot function living in fear all the time.  We cannot move forward when we are afraid that it's pointless.  We certainly can't inspire our children or provide them any kind of sense of security without a firm belief in hope.  We must be brave, and we must learn to enjoy ourselves somehow.  

My Christmas wish is for a rebirth of hope and joy in our nation.   

Orithya or Boreas?

(As taken from Edith Hamilton's "The Way of The Greeks")

Socrates and Phaedrus are taking a summer stroll....

"Is not the road to Athens made for conversation?" 

The younger man asks if they are not near the place where Boreas is said to have carried off Orithya.

"The little stream is delightfully clear and bright.  I can fancy there might be maidens playing near.  Tell, me, Socrates, do you believe the tale?"

"The wise are doubtful," Socrates answers, "and I should not be singular if, like them, I too, doubted.  I might have a rational explanation that Orithya was playing when a northerly gust carried her over the rocks, and therefore she was said to have been carried off by Boreas.  Now I quite acknowledge that these allegorical explanations are very nice, but he is not to be envied who has to make them up; much labor and ingenuity will be required of him; he will have to go on and rehabilitate Hippo-centaurs and chimeras dire.  Gorgons and winged steeds flow in apace, and numberless inconceivable and portentous natures.  And if he would fain reduce them to rules of probability it will take up a great deal of time.  Now I have no leisure for such inquiries; shall I tell you why?  I must first know myself as the Delphic inscription says; to be curious about things not my concern while I am still in ignorance of my own self would be absurd.  And therefore I bid farewell to all that sort of thing.  I want to know about myself; am I a monster more complicated and swollen with passion than the serpent Typho, or a creature of a gentler and simpler sort, to whom Nature has given a lowlier and diviner destiny?"

- Ms. Hamilton's translation is from Plato's "Phaedrus"